Yuqi Yang, Xiaoli Han, Zhengquan Chen, Xin Li, Xiaoqing Zhu, Haiyan Yuan, Zefan Huang, Xuan Zhou, Qing Du


December 2022, pp 1 - 18 Review Article Read Full Article 10.1007/s00586-022-07463-w

First Online: 01 December 2022

Purpose

Osteoporosis is a risk factor for idiopathic scoliosis (IS) progression, but it is still unclear whether IS patients have bone mineral density (BMD) loss and a higher risk of osteoporosis than asymptomatic people. This systematic review aims to explore the differences in BMD and prevalence of osteoporosis between the IS group and the control group.

Methods

We searched 5 health science-related databases. Studies that were published up to February 2022 and written in English and Chinese languages were included. The primary outcome measures consisted of BMD z score, the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia, and areal and volumetric BMD. Bone morphometry, trabecular microarchitecture, and quantitative ultrasound measures were included in the secondary outcome measures. The odds ratio (OR) and the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to pool the data.

Results

A total of 32 case–control studies were included. The pooled analysis revealed significant differences between the IS group and the control group in BMD z score (WMD −1.191; 95% CI  − 1.651 to −0.732, p   0.05).

Conclusion

Both the male and female IS patients had a generalized lower BMD and an increased prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis than the control group. Future research should focus on the validity of quantitative ultrasound in BMD screening. To control the risk of progression in IS patients, regular BMD scans and targeted intervention are necessary for IS patients during clinical practice.


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